Aerial propeller.



Y mm1. nomma. yAIILIOA'I'IOI FILED 1211.21, 1010.

Patented Aug. 22, 1911.

VUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NGUB LIOXBNZIE, 0F CANTON, OHIO,V ASSIC-NOR 0F ONE-JAL' F '.lO WILLIAM H.`MEL`DON, V OF JAMAICA.,i NEW `YORK. i

AERIAL PRDPELLER.

To all whom it may concern:

l Be it known that 1 Anous/McKenzie, a 'citizen of the Dominion of Canada and resident of Canton, in the county of tarkV and VStatel of Ohio, lhave invented certain new and useful Improvements 'in Aerial Pro el- Iers, of whichthe following -is a speci 1ration.

This invention relates to aerial propellcrs and the rimary object thereof is to rovide a repel er of such classl which can e used eit er as a driving or a driven medium.

.,A. further ob'ect of the invention is to provide a propel er of such class in a manner as hereinafter set fort-h whereby by its conistruction and arrangement it will give the greatest possible power with the least weight.

A further object of the invention is to provide in the supporting frame for themeuntingof the blades or sails whereby an ,efficient operation of the propeller is aita tained. i

Further objects of the invention are to i rovide an aerial propeller in the manner as hereinafter set forthand which is :simple in its construction anni arrangement, strong`- durable, cicient in its use, coz'xveniently seti up, capable .for use for driving or driven purposes2 comparatively light m weight and mex ensive to manufacture.

with the foregoing and other objects in view, he invention consists of the novel constr ction',"combin ation and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter more specifically de- Y' scrlbedand illustrated in the accom anying `stay rods bein drawings, wherein are illustrated t e preferred embodiments of the invention, but it is to be understood that changes, variations andmodilications can be resorted to. which come within the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

n the drawings Fieure 1 1s a perspecan aerial' ropeller inahcoulanee lwith this invention, Flig. 2 is a like` view of a modification, Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the form shown iu Fig. 1, the omitted, and Fig. 4 is an elevation of a b ado or sail before the mountthereof. mmferably four blades or sails are used when settin up the propeller, but the number of the bides or sails may be varied for special tions.

1, 2 and 3, the blades or sails Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug, 22, Application tiled April 21, 1910. Serial No. 558,686.

and whi 1 merges t dotted lines 4" in Fig.

la straight edge 2 fand another of its edges extending for a short distance at right al. gles with respect tothe terminus 2Il ofthe edge 2, as at 3 and the remaining portion of the ed e upon th are of' a circle, as at 3 to the terminus` 3" of the edge 4, the .lattenl being curved and having its other terminus merng in the terminus 2 of the edge 2. In ig. 4 the dotted line 49a indicates the hy tenuseto show Afthe eatra'amount of area -giur the blade or sail obtained by curving the edge 4 in connection with the'curved edge portion 3*. The blades or sails are formed from thin canvas or thick oiled silk having suicient body So that the blades or sails willnotnl l be exible` but unusually strong. `Althoug it ispref-- erable to use canvas or thick oiled'silk, yet any suitable material that would' answer for the purpose may be employed. The blades or sails may be reinforced by the usual seams or may be corded or thickened' by 'a doublel weaving, as indicated'by the double The frame work ..il ustrated 4in Fig. 1 and to which the blades orsails are mounted or connectedincludes a shaft 5 havin fixed thereto a four-way coupling 5* and has: attached thereto a power transmission, as shown by wa' of example. a sprocket 12. To each of t e branches ofthe four-way coupling 5* is'se'cured an-arm 6. The arms l6 are radiallv disposed with respectto the axis of the' shaft 5 and to each arm is attached a blade or sail 1. The arms 6 are braced through the medium of a pair of dia-mond shaped stay frames one overlapping the other and one exten ing in-an opposlte direction with respect to the other.' One of said stay frames is formed from a are shown inthe position which they assumey series of stav rods? and the other from a series of stay rods 8. The stay rods 7 at' their outer ends are connected the outer ends of a pair of arms 6 and at their inner ends are connected by the coupling member 7 to the other pair of armsr intermediateA the ends of these latter. The stav rods R at their 4outer ends are connected to the outer end of a. pair of arms 6 and at their 6, suiciently coupling members 7c inner ends are connected by the coupling members 8* to the other pair of arms G int-ermediate the ends of these latter.

The frame work as illustrated in Fig. 2. includes a shaft 15 having attached thereto a pair of four-way couplings 16, 17 and also has connected thereto a power transmission means, by way of example, a sprocket 12. Connected to each of the branches ofthe cou lings l'is an arm 6* and attached to eac of the branches of the couplings 17'is an arm 10. The arms 6* arearranged in parallelism with respect to 'the arms 10 and the said arms 6* and 10 are radially disposed with respect to the axis of the sha-ft 15. Each set of arms 6a and 10 is braced through the medium of a pair of diamond shaped frames, th e stay frame of each pair overlapping each other and extending in an opposite direction with respect to each other. One of said stay frames for the set oarms 6* is'formed from a series of stay rods 't'b an the other from a series of stay rods 8". Tl rods at their outer ends are connec the outer ends of a pair of arms'* and a-tftlieir'inner ends are connected by the to the other pair of arms 6 intermediate the ends of these lat,

ter. The stay rods 8* at their outer ends are connected to the outer ends of a pair of arms 6* and at their inner ends are conv' to thenected by the coupling members 7I outer pair of rods 6n intermediate the ends of'these latter. One of said stay frames for the set ofarms 10 is formed from a series of stay'rd's 7'l and the other frame from a series lof-;stay. rods 8.- The stay rods 7l at their outer-ends are connected to the outer ends of -a pair of arms 10 and at their inner ends are connected by the coupling members 7? to' theother pair of arms 10 intermediate the ends'of these latter. 'The sta-y rods 8 at their 4outer ends are connected to-the outer ends 'ofipair of arms 10 and at their inner ends are connected by the coupling member 7n to the'other pair of arms 10 intermediate the ends of these latter. The ends of the arms 6* are connected to the ends of the arms 10 b longitudinally-extending rods 11.

When t e propeller is set up in the manner 'as shown in Fi ofthe blades or sai s are arrange against the shaft 5. When the propeller is set up in the manner as shown in Fig. 2 the straight edges of the blades or sails are arranged against the rods 11.

-The shafting is constructed of any suitable light metal in the form of tubing and the other elements of each of the frames are ner.v

'The foregoing being the construction, the

. 1, the strai ht edgesV and a pair of stay frames connec thick to withstand the torsionoperation of t-he propeller is as follows Then used as a driven propeller, as on airships, iceboats, or for forcing any vessel ahead either iii a gale or calm or between theseV two extreme points any driving means may be used to arrows, the wide end of tlie sails facing the direction of travel. The air fills the sails which. assume a shape somewhat like `a birds wing in flying, forming a pocket-at oi' near theiadial arms, -as shown. at. A in Figs. 1 2 and 3, whereby the vessel is forced forward, the air sliding along the sails until it is freed as it nears the points. Each sail engages the air immediately in front as it advances consequently in striking the air, the greatest resistance is at the wide part of the sail where it is secured to the radial arms.

If the propeller is to be used as a driver, as in the case of windmills, the general construction is as described but in operation the action is reversed. That is to say, the shaft is mounted in journals as stated, but the sails are pointed in a reverse direction with the points-'toward the wind. When the wind strikes the sails it causesthem to fill and assume the shapes shown in Figs. 1, y2 and 3, ploints, owing to, t.

the wind pressure atthe the a a being mucli less erefthan at the wide arts where fastened to the radial arms and ere. the greatest resistance is had. The propeller when used as a driving means revolves in the opposite direction shown by the arrows.

From Vthe fore oing description taken in connection with t e accompanying drawing, the advantages of the construction and of the method of operation will be readily apparentto those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains and I have described the principle of operation of the' -invention together with the device which I iiow consider to be the best embodiment thereof.

What I claim is 1. An aerial pro eller comprising a rotatable element, a p urality of radially-disposed arms connected therewith, a liexible lade attached to each of said arms and to said elementand provided with a straight edge and a pair of curved edges, one of said curved edges intersecting the other and said curved edges intersecting said straivht edge, tel to and bracingsaid arms.

A2. An aerial pr0}eller comprisin a rotatable element, a. p urality of radi ly disosed amis connected therewith, a flexible glade attached toeach of 4said arms and to said element and provided with a straight edge and a pair of curved edges, one of said curved -edges intersecting curved edges intersectim! said straight edge,

ive rotary motion to the.. Journaled shaft, in the direction shown by.

llO

the other and said y i 1 Plli t ma mwah, an flexible blades, wh

i mid @pair of stay frames connected to and unid ctms, said stay frames overlapyn` and extend' in opposite dix'ectiomx mpect to engl? other. l `I5 3. An aerial propeller comtpriaing n lonle Ulement, a'

mtudimlly mehdi man l plurality of radi y-disposed arme cont n therewith, and exible blndeeJ euch .substantie .in the; form of a mixtilinear um y t connected with an arm of seid l t the. ht adige of said blade dis- 4. a t *I "wi :miV element. v l

M neri ro er com is' n on.-

l git w 1 ezteliidlliiuegu rotate e elmeginent, n

llllfpl of y-disp'osed arms conelement, the straight bracing them, said stay frames everlapp substantially in the form of n mixtilinqhr triangle, and connected Vwith en emi md said element, the straight edge of! unid' b y f' l disposed parallel with seid. element, andje pair of stay frames connectedte vsind arms 80 y or bracing them. l'

62 An nerial'propeller comlriing n 104mgitndnally extending rotatcb e-elementfff'u' plurality of radially-disposed vimma cdtt nected therewith, and 'flexible blades, 'lli` snbetantinll in the form lof a 'trin'ngle' en connected with an am `and' r: V 1;

e of seid blade "Y,

lpoised parallel with sai element, and a i of stay frames connected to und arms and extendi res to ea t gned et Canton in the county of Stn in .opposite directions other.

. n tlf I` i und State of Chio this 14th day ofAplMll *5 

